Wednesday, 1 October 2014

Financial Ratios


Liquidity Analysis Ratios   
   
 Current Ratio
Current Assets
Current Ratio =------------------------
Current Liabilities
  
 Quick Ratio
Quick Assets
Quick Ratio =
----------------------
Current Liabilities
Quick Assets = Current Assets - Inventories
   
 Net Working Capital Ratio
Net Working Capital
Net Working Capital Ratio =
--------------------------
Total Assets
Net Working Capital = Current Assets - Current Liabilities
   

Profitability Analysis Ratios   

 Return on Assets (ROA)
Net Income
Return on Assets (ROA) =
----------------------------------
Average Total Assets
Average Total Assets = (Beginning Total Assets + Ending Total Assets) / 2
   
 Return on Equity (ROE)
Net Income
Return on Equity (ROE) =
--------------------------------------------
Average Stockholders' Equity
Average Stockholders' Equity
= (Beginning Stockholders' Equity + Ending Stockholders' Equity) / 2
   
 Return on Common Equity (ROCE)
Net Income
Return on Common Equity =
--------------------------------------------
Average Common Stockholders' Equity
Average Common Stockholders' Equity
= (Beginning Common Stockholders' Equity + Ending Common Stockholders' Equity) / 2
   
 Profit Margin
Net Income
Profit Margin =
-----------------
Sales
   
 Earnings Per Share (EPS)
Net Income
Earnings Per Share =
---------------------------------------------
Number of Common Shares Outstanding
   

Activity Analysis Ratios   

 Assets Turnover Ratio
Sales
Assets Turnover Ratio =
----------------------------
Average Total Assets
Average Total Assets = (Beginning Total Assets + Ending Total Assets) / 2
   
 Accounts Receivable Turnover Ratio
Sales
Accounts Receivable Turnover Ratio =
-----------------------------------
Average Accounts Receivable
Average Accounts Receivable
= (Beginning Accounts Receivable + Ending Accounts Receivable) / 2
   
 Inventory Turnover Ratio
Cost of Goods Sold
Inventory Turnover Ratio =
---------------------------
Average Inventories
Average Inventories = (Beginning Inventories + Ending Inventories) / 2
   


Capital Structure Analysis Ratios   

 Debt to Equity Ratio
Total Liabilities
Debt to Equity Ratio =
----------------------------------
Total Stockholders' Equity
   
 Interest Coverage Ratio
Income Before Interest and Income Tax Expenses
Interest Coverage Ratio =
-------------------------------------------------------
Interest Expense
Income Before Interest and Income Tax Expenses
= Income Before Income Taxes + Interest Expense
   

Capital Market Analysis Ratios   

 Price Earnings (PE) Ratio
Market Price of Common Stock Per Share
Price Earnings Ratio =
------------------------------------------------------
Earnings Per Share
   
 Market to Book Ratio
Market Price of Common Stock Per Share
Market to Book Ratio =
-------------------------------------------------------
Book Value of Equity Per Common Share
Book Value of Equity Per Common Share
= Book Value of Equity for Common Stock / Number of Common Shares
   
 Dividend Yield
Annual Dividends Per Common Share
Dividend Yield =
------------------------------------------------
Market Price of Common Stock Per Share
Book Value of Equity Per Common Share
= Book Value of Equity for Common Stock / Number of Common Shares
   
 Dividend Payout Ratio
Cash Dividends
Dividend Payout Ratio =
--------------------
Net Income
   

ROA = Profit Margin X Assets Turnover Ratio   

 ROA = Profit Margin X Assets Turnover Ratio
Net Income
Net Income
Sales
ROA =
------------------------  =
--------------  X
------------------------
Average Total Assets 
Sales
Average Total Assets 
Profit Margin = Net Income / Sales
Assets Turnover Ratio = Sales / Averages Total Assets

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