Saturday, 22 August 2020

Disputes of the Dispute system – SVLDRS under radar?

 

The  scheme  launched  by  the  Central  Government  in  Union  Budget 2019   Sabka  Vishwas  (Legacy  Dispute  Resolution  Scheme)  2019  or SVLDRS was much touted for closing out the Service tax and Central Excise disputes. The scheme was introduced to conclude all disputes of the  erstwhile  regime  which  are  now  subsumed  under  GST.  Though there are 28 indirect tax enactments which are covered under the said scheme,  Central  Excise  and  Service  Tax  are  the  prominent  ones.  This scheme  aims  at  providing  a  fresh  start  to  the  taxpayers  by  cleaning their slate of the erstwhile regime. The said scheme came into effect on 1  September  2019  and  covered  cases  of  Show  Cause  Notice  (SCN), appeals arising out of a SCN pending as on 30 June 2019; amount in arrears;   an   enquiry,   investigation,   or   audit   where   the   amount   is quantified  on  or  before  30  June  2019;  and  a  voluntary  disclosure. Amongst  other  things,  the  scheme  waives  off  any  interest,  penalty, fines  and  provides  partial  duty  relief  and  amnesty  from  prosecution proceedings.

Whilst the intention of the Central Government was magnanimous and has helped many, the clouds of disputes are hovering on the scheme since quite some time now. As noted above, there are eligibility criteria which needs to be fulfilled for an assessee to avail the benefits of the SVLDRS scheme. There has been an incessant debate on the eligibility  of assesses to opt for SVLDRS scheme, the circulars issued under the scheme, the rejections by the Designated Committee (DC) etc.  Therefore, as complex it may sound but the dispute resolution scheme has given birth to new certain disputes. Numerous writ petitions have been filed in various High Courts on the various aspects of SVLDRS.

In the case of Seventh Plane Networks P. Ltd. v. UOI

 

The  latest  addition  to  this  list  of  writ  petitions  and  a  very  revered judgement  was  given  by  the  Delhi  High  Court  (HC)  in  the  case  of Seventh Plane Networks P. Ltd. v. UOI [W.P. (c) 3934/2020].

The  question  before  the  Delhi  HC  was  to  decipher  the  meaning  of 'quantified on or before 30 June 2019'. The highlights of the judgement are as below:

 

      The SVLDRS application of the petitioner was  rejected  on  the grounds that the audit memo was issued to him on 2 July 2019; therefore, crossing the deadline of 30 June 2019.  However, the petitioner submitted that the quantification of demand had happened on 28 June 2019 and was communicated and accepted by the petitioner as well. Hence, the petition was preferred before the Delhi HC.

      The Delhi HC noted that as per the audit memo submitted,  the audit was concluded on 28 June 2019. Not only that, the liability was quantified, communicated, and admitted on the same day by the petitioner. Further, the HC observed that


though  the  petitioner  had  submitted  to  reduce  the  liability demand on 3 July 2019, the demand was never denied by the petitioner.

The Court opined that a liberal interpretation should be adopted for SVLDRS and its circulars as the objective the scheme is to let the taxpayers make a  fresh  beginning.  Hence, the rejection order was quashed by the HC and the   DC was directed to reassess the petitioner's application in  new light.

 

In this case, the term quantified has been interpreted liberally. On the contrary,  in  the  Circular  No.  1071/4/2019-CE  dated  27  August  2019, quantified  has  been  defined  to  mean  a  written  communication  of  the amount of duty payable under the indirect tax enactment. It is clarified that such written communication will include a letter intimating duty demand;  or  duty  liability  admitted  by  the  person  during  enquiry, investigation,  or  audit;  or  audit  report  etc.  Further,  in  Circular  no. 1073/06/2019 CX dated 29 October 2019, it was clarified that the audit shall be treated complete only when final audit report culminates into a SCN.  The  Delhi  HC  opined  in  the  above  case  that  the  Circulars  are binding only on the departmental authorities.

Other judicial pronouncements

 

In    similar   matter   of   Vaishali   Sharma   v.   UOI   [W.P.   (C) 473/2020], the Delhi HC opined that the petitioner had admitted her Service  tax  liability  on  18  May  2018  itself.  Therefore,  the  application should not have been rejected on the sole ground that the liability was not quantified before 30 June 2019. The Court was of the view that the petitioner should be given an opportunity of being heard and a liberal interpretation  must  be  given  to  scheme  as  its  intent  is  to  unload  the baggage of disputes.

In  a  special  leave  petition  filed  before  the  Delhi  HC,  the  petitioner claimed that the condition to qualify under the scheme is that the final hearing, communication, and quantification must have taken place on or  before  30  June  2019  is  invalid  as  the  same  shall  lead  to  loss  of revenue   for   the   exchequer.   The   HC   upheld   the   said   circular   and dismissed  the  said  plea  noting  that  the  Court  expects  the  Centre  to scrupulously follow the provisions of the scheme and there is nothing invalid in the scheme or the associated circulars.

In the case of Assam Cricket Association v. UOI and 4 ors., The Central  Board  of  Indirect  Taxes  and  Customs,  the  Principal Commissioner,   the   Designated   Committee,   addl.   Director General   [WP(C)    2149/2020,    dated    4-5-2020],    the    petitioner's application  was  rejected  on  the  grounds  that  the  penalty  imposed  in the original proceedings wasn't mentioned on the SVLDRS application form. The High Court held that this is an inadvertent mistake and there is no provision under the scheme wherein it has been mentioned that a person  on  whom  penalty  is  imposed  cannot  avail  benefits  of  the scheme. Therefore, the High Court required the petitioner to revise the application   form   with   correct   details   and   respondents   to   pass reasonable order on the same.


Author's note

 

The  SVLDRS  scheme  is  a  momentous  amnesty  scheme  in  the  sense that   the   scheme   has    wide   coverage   as   against   its   erstwhile incarnations    like    Kar    Vivad    Samadhan    Scheme,    the    Voluntary Compliance Encouragement Scheme etc. The said scheme is applicable to disputes pending at all levels and allows voluntary disclosures with no  questions  asked.  Further,  the  entire  schema  being  online,  there  is no  need  to  interact  an  officer  which  ensures  transparency  and  trust. Furthermore,  a  time  limit  has  been  provided  for  completion  of  each step leading to early closure of cases. Hence, there is no two ways about the  goodness  of  the  scheme.  However,  the  scheme  certainly  suffers some fallacies also. As noted above, there has been immense discussion on the term 'quantified before 30 June 2019'. The department has been prompt enough to issue circulars in this regard, clarifying that a SCN must  have  been  issued  before  the  said  date  in  order  to  avail  the scheme.  However,  the  High  Courts  have  been  interpreting  the  term rather liberally and allowing most of the cases where the demand was communicated in any way to the assessee before the said date stating that Circulars are binding only on the authorities. Both the authorities and  Courts  seem  to  be  correct  in  their  corners,  as  the  idea  behind introducing the scheme is to enable maximum assesses to start afresh; however, every scheme has its rules and the same needs to be followed for   effective   execution.   Separately,   due   to   no   appeal   mechanism prescribed,  the  High  Courts  are  swamped  with  writ  petitions  and  the grievances have increased the work load of the already burdened High Court.

Having said this, there is no doubt about the success of the SVLDRS. The  scheme  has  been  a  through  and  through  winner  and  has  had 1,89,229  declarations  filed  with  a  whopping  revenue  of  14821  crores going in the kitty of the Government. The statistics also revealed that approx. 70,000 litigations were closed in a single providing a relief to the judiciary system and the taxpayers as well.

Following the cue of the Centre, multiple states have also introduced amnesty schemes to close the pending VAT and other state tax assessments.

Both the Centre and States need to be commended for the efforts undertaken to provide 'ek naya savera' to both the department and taxpayers and reducing the weight on the judiciary

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