In a significant judgment in IBM India Pvt. Ltd. v. Union of India (2026-VIL-955-BOM), the Bombay High Court has reaffirmed an important principle governing GST appeals and pre-deposits.
Wednesday, 2 September 2026
Taxability of Stock Option Buy-Backs: Salary or Capital Gains?
. Introduction
Employee Stock Option Plans (ESOPs) are widely used to attract and retain talent by aligning compensation with performance. The lifecycle of an ESOP traverses five stages: grant, vesting, exercise, allotment, and sale. Each carries distinct tax implications.
S๐ฎ๐๐๐๐ฌ๐ฌ ๐๐๐ ๐ฉ๐๐ข๐ ๐ญ๐จ ๐ ๐ญ๐ซ๐๐ง๐ฌ๐๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐๐๐ฏ๐ข๐ฌ๐จ๐ซ ๐๐จ๐ซ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ฌ๐๐ฅ๐ ๐จ๐ ๐ฌ๐ก๐๐ซ๐๐ฌ ๐ข๐ฌ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐จ๐ฐ๐๐๐ฅ๐ ๐ฐ๐ก๐ข๐ฅ๐ ๐๐จ๐ฆ๐ฉ๐ฎ๐ญ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐๐๐ฉ๐ข๐ญ๐๐ฅ ๐ ๐๐ข๐ง๐ฌ.
๐๐๐ง๐ ๐๐ฅ๐จ๐ซ๐ ๐๐ซ๐ข๐๐ฎ๐ง๐๐ฅin the case of Mohan Rajashekhar ๐ก๐๐ฅ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐ฌ๐ฎ๐๐๐๐ฌ๐ฌ ๐๐๐ ๐ฉ๐๐ข๐ ๐ญ๐จ ๐ ๐ญ๐ซ๐๐ง๐ฌ๐๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐๐๐ฏ๐ข๐ฌ๐จ๐ซ ๐๐จ๐ซ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ฌ๐๐ฅ๐ ๐จ๐ ๐ฌ๐ก๐๐ซ๐๐ฌ ๐ข๐ฌ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐จ๐ฐ๐๐๐ฅ๐ ๐ฐ๐ก๐ข๐ฅ๐ ๐๐จ๐ฆ๐ฉ๐ฎ๐ญ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐๐๐ฉ๐ข๐ญ๐๐ฅ ๐ ๐๐ข๐ง๐ฌ. ๐๐ก๐ ๐๐ซ๐ข๐๐ฎ๐ง๐๐ฅ ๐ก๐๐ฅ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐ฐ๐ก๐๐ซ๐ ๐๐๐ฏ๐ข๐ฌ๐จ๐ซ๐ฒ ๐ฌ๐๐ซ๐ฏ๐ข๐๐๐ฌ ๐ก๐๐ฏ๐ ๐ ๐๐ข๐ซ๐๐๐ญ ๐ง๐๐ฑ๐ฎ๐ฌ ๐ฐ๐ข๐ญ๐ก ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ญ๐ซ๐๐ง๐ฌ๐๐๐ซ ๐๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ฑ๐ฉ๐๐ง๐๐ข๐ญ๐ฎ๐ซ๐ ๐ข๐ฌ ๐ข๐ง๐๐ฎ๐ซ๐ซ๐๐ ๐ฐ๐ก๐จ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฒ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐ฑ๐๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ข๐ฏ๐๐ฅ๐ฒ ๐ข๐ง ๐๐จ๐ง๐ง๐๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐ฐ๐ข๐ญ๐ก ๐ฌ๐ฎ๐๐ก ๐ญ๐ซ๐๐ง๐ฌ๐๐๐ซ, ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ฑ๐ฉ๐๐ง๐ฌ๐ ๐ข๐ฌ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐จ๐ฐ๐๐ ๐๐ฌ ๐๐๐๐ฎ๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง.
Refund of pre-deposit cannot be withheld merely because litigation continues on the balance demand
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